More efficient than carbon tetrachloride, it was used until at 1969. In the 40s was invented the Hulan 11 liquid (bromochloromethane - bromomethane - methyl bromide) for use in planes. Carbon tetrachloride fire extinguishers were withdrawn in the 1950s due to toxicity, exposure to high concentrations damages the nervous system and internal organs moreover, exposed to high temperatures it can convert into the toxic gas phosgene. The “tetra” was suitable to fires of electrical systems and flammable liquids. A glass sphere filled with carbon tetrachloride, to be thrown at the base of the flame (the former used saline solutions, but the "tetra" proved to be more effective). Another type of fire extinguisher a “tetra” was the so-called Fire grenade. The container was not pressurized, and therefore could easily be recharged. The capacities were 1.1 liters or 0.6 liters but were also available up to 9 liters.
#Co2 fire extinguisher portable
In 1911, they patented a small portable fire extinguisher with the same extinguishing agent set up by a small brass tank with a hand pump with a hand pump to expel the liquid towards the fire. Vaporizing the liquid on the flame extinguished it by suffocation. In the 1910, the Pyrene Manufacxtoring Company of Delaware filed a patent for a Tetra system (carbon tetrachloride - Halon 104).
Subsequently additives (such as liquorice extracts) were used as stabilizers, but the foam was formed solely by the reaction of the aforementioned components.
Mixing the two solutions (usually happened by turning the tank upside down) the two liquids reacted to from a foam and carbon dioxide in the gaseous phase, which expelled foam. The main tank included an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate while that inside one of aluminium sulphate. T he fire extinguisher with chemical foam was intented in 1904 by Aleksander Loran in Russia, based on the previous invention of fire-fightinig foam: Loran used it to turn off a tank of naphtha: while resembling to the sodium-acid models, the foam produced was of greater resistance. Later, they developed the "Petrolex" for automotive use. The auxiliary pressure fire extinguisher was invented in 1881 by the English company Read & Campbell, using water or aqueous solutions. In both cases, carbon dioxide which acts as an ejection gas was produced.
A glass vial containing the acid was suspended in the extinguisher containing sodium carbonate, the activation of the extinguisher could be done in two ways, in the first case the vial was broken, in the second a partition that normally divided the acid was removed from the carbonate. Granger, in this case he used the reaction between an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and a sulforic acid. An other “soda-acid” fire extinguisher was patented in United States in 1881 by Almon M. T he first "soda-acid" fire extinguisher was patented in 1866 by the Frenchman Francois Carlier mixing an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate with tartaric acid, obtaining foam and gaseous carbon dioxide, used as a propellant. The “modern” fire extinguisher was intented by the British captain George William Manby in 1818 it was a 3-gallon copper tank containing an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate, pressutized with compressed air. There is news of its use, as the Bradley's Weekly Messenger of November 7, 1729, spoke of its effectiveness in extinguishing a fire in London. An ignition system caused the dust to explode, thus spreading the solution. It consisted of a sort of barrel filled with extinguishing liquid with a pewter container filled with pyrical dust. The first known (portable) fire extinguisher was patented in 1723 by the chemist Ambrose Godfrey.
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